Article 36 confers special protection on a hospital ship’s personnel and crew because they are crucial for the ship’s operation and for the performance of its humanitarian functions. whether or not they are actually carrying victims of armed conflict (unless they commit an act harmful to the enemy see Article 34). In order to fulfil their functions, military hospital ships enjoy special protection ‘at all times’, i.e. Article 22 extends to hospital ships the protection which Article 12 confers on the wounded, sick and shipwrecked such ships are protected because specially designed or equipped vessels are the most efficient means of achieving the overall goal of the Second Convention, which is to protect wounded, sick and shipwrecked members of armed forces at sea. 1927 Their exclusively humanitarian function of providing assistance impartially to the wounded, sick and shipwrecked is the reason they are granted special protection.
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